Tekstilec 4/2015

*Technical University of Kenya, P. O. Box 52428 (00200), Nairobi, Kenya

**School of Engineering, Moi University, P. O. Box 3900 (30100), Eldoret, Kenya

Original Scientific Article

Received 06-2015 • Accepted 10-2015

Corresponding author:

Edison Omollo Oduor

Telephone: +254721857685

E-mail: edisonomollo@gmail.com ali igadwa@gmail.com

Abstract

The durabilities of textile materials, which during their usages come into direct contact with soil, have traditionally been measured using the soil burial test (BS 6085: 1992). Using the aforementioned standard, coated textile materials are normally buried under standard soil conditions for 28 days, while non-coated textiles for 14 days and the deterioration assessed. The duration of this test is too long and it discourages many business people and manufacturers, to whom urgency is the key and therefore opt to skip this test. This study investigated the effects of different soil treatments on the strengths of canvas materials during the soil burial test. By adding cow manure, chicken manure and potato peelings with the controlled addition of water, the changes were investigated in the strengths of the canvas materials buried in the soils. The results obtained during this research work indicated that the addition of water (in a controlled manner) can lead to a change of 10% to 90% in the strengths of the buried canvas materials, according to the different types of manure. When considering the different types of manures (with water additions) there were strength losses of 70%, 80% and 90% for non-cultivated soil, soil with cow dung, and soil with chicken manure respectively. Similar trends were also recorded for strength losses in the weft direction. A strength reduction factor which considered the reductions in strengths of the canvas materials exposed the different treated soils compared to the non-treated soil (without water), indicating that chicken manure (with the addition of water) can produce a strength reduction factor of 8.32, whilst the non-cultivated soils (with the addition of water) gave a strength reduction factor of 6.

Keywords: Soil burial test, canvas, microbial deterioration, soil cultivation

References

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3. BS 6085 Methods for determination of the resistance of textiles to microbiological deterioration. British Standard Institute. London, 1992.
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*National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Department of Textile Technology, Punjab 144011, India

**National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Punjab 144011, India

Original Scientific Article

Received 05-2015 • Accepted 10-2015

Corresponding author:

Himansu Shekhar Mohapatra

E-mail: himansu4@gmail.com

Abstract

The presented research focuses on the development and characterization of film made from lime peel extracts; well-known for its anti-oxidant and antimicrobial properties. The study includes preparation of film using the solution casting technique and characterization tests including IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal behaviour through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The film is also analysed for its antibacterial properties. Several functional groups are identified for the different molecules such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and some polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids. The film shows excellent antimicrobial properties against E. Coli and S. Aureus strains.

Keywords: antibacterial, lime peel, film, FTIR, DSC, TGA, XRD

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University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Education, Kardeljeva pl. 16, SI-1000 Ljubljana

Short Scientific Article

Received 04-2015 • Accepted 10-2015

Corresponding author:

D.Sc. Francka Lovšin Kozina

Telephone: 00386 15892212

E-mail: francka.lovsin@pef.uni-lj.si

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine how primary school children who had already finished learning about textile topics during Home economics instruction perceived the content of the textile module.Some topics which can be connected with development of sustainable thinking and prudent consumer behaviour were also researched. A total of 106 surveys were collected. The pupils were on average 10.5 years old. The results showed that the pupils were reasonably interested in handicrafts. Most respondents agreed that masteringskillssuch assewing orknitting isgood because these activities allow pupils tosavemoney and also to express their creativities. The results showed that the transfer of theoretical knowledge in practice is not optimal. Some improvements in the curriculum should be considered in terms of refreshing/updating the textile topicsand also the time duration of the textile module.

Keywords: education, handicraft, textile, sustainability

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^*University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Textiles, Graphic Arts and Design, Snežniška 05, SI-1000 Ljubljana

^**Technical Museum of Slovenia, Tržaška cesta 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana

^***University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Science, Laboratory for Computer Graphics and Multimedia, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana

Original Scientific Article

Received 08-2015 • Accepted 10-2015

Corresponding author:

Assoc. Prof. D.Sc. Urška Stankovič Elesini

Telephone: +386 1 200 32 29

E-mail: urska.stankovic@ntf.uni-lj.si

Abstract

Competing in the market means constant development throughout all areas, also in information about business processes, the development of which has significantly increased over last sixty years. Results of a research dealt with how the Slovenian textile, clothing and leather production (TOUP) industries have followed this development are presented in the article. The research was further directed towards a new age state. Based on the data collected from the literature, eight hypotheses were set up, which were examined through interviews and questionnaires. 111 (25.5 percent) companies responded to the study. The results were analysed separately for large, medium, small-sized and micro companies, as the preliminary research showed that their views (and actual states) regarding business information systems are quite different, so any generalisation of the results wouldn’t provide realistic treatment of the set hypotheses. Among the gathered data appropriate correlation was searched for using the Pearson χ2-test. All large and medium-sized TOUP companies are equipped with information systems and 80 percent of small-sized and 26.3 percent of micro companies. More than half of the companies (64.4 percent) prefer the information systems of domestic suppliers. Only 20 percent of large-sized companies and a smaller percentage of micro companies have developed their own business information systems. Medium-sized companies use purchased/licensed systems. Less than half of the large and medium-sized companies use two or more interconnected information systems at the same time. Business information systems support economic and commercial functions in 60.4 percent of companies, while in the other companies the production, controlling, CRM, investing etc. functions are also present. Business information systems in cloud are present in less than 15 percent of Slovenian TOUP companies. The business information systems in large and medium-sized companies are eight years old on average. During last year (2014), 40 percent of companies upgraded their business information systems. Investments into systems are small with the exceptions of some large-sized companies, where investments are reasonably bigger because of the systems’ complexities.

Keywords: business information systems, history review, production of textiles, production of clothes, production of leather and related products, TOUP

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University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Textiles, Graphic Arts and Design, Snežniška 05, SI-1000 Ljubljana

Original Scientific Article

Received 09-2015 • Accepted 11-2015

Corresponding author:

Assist. Prof. D.Sc. Mateja Kert

Telephone: +386 1 200 32 34

E-mail: mateja.kert@ntf.uni-lj.si

Abstract

The modes of actions of different surfactants during reactive wool dyeing using C.I. Reactive Red 120 was investigated at pH 3 and temperatures between 50 and 90°C. The studied surfactants included the following: the anionic surfactant sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS); the cationic surfactant n-dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB); the nonionic surfactants Brij C10, Brij S10, Brij L23, Brij 58, Brij S20 and Brij S100; and the commercially available amphoteric product Albegal B. Compared with surfactant-free dyeing, SDS and Brij S100 slightly decreased the dye exhaustion after 360 minutes of dyeing, whereas the other studied surfactants significantly increased the dye exhaustion. The enhanced dye uptake was attributed to the adsorptions of the surfactants to the wool fibres, which increased the cationic characteristics and the hydrophilicity of the fibre surface. The surfactants facilitate dye fixation up to a dyeing temperature of 80°C and decrease it at 90°C. The surfactants increased the K/S values and changed the CIELAB values of the dyeing. Albegal B exhibited the strongest effect.

Keywords: wool, reactive dye, surfactant, dye exhaustion, dye fixation

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